Gynaecologist Highlights Severe Hypertension Risks in Pregnancy: Discover High-Risk Factors and Essential Heart Protection Tips | Health
Pregnancy and Blood Pressure: Why Managing Hypertension is Crucial for Mother and Child
The Importance of Monitoring Blood Pressure During Pregnancy
Women are often encouraged to maintain calmness during pregnancy due to the critical need to manage blood pressure. Blood pressure typically remains low in the first and second trimesters and gradually increases as childbirth approaches. However, for some, abnormal rises in blood pressure, known as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), can pose significant health risks for both mother and child.
Understanding Hypertension in Pregnancy
Gynaecologist Dr. Sonu Taxak, Director and Senior IVF Consultant at Emegypt, explains that while pregnancy is a time of joy, it also brings potential cardiovascular complications, which can be managed with careful monitoring. High blood pressure during pregnancy can manifest in several forms, including:
- Gestational Hypertension: Occurs after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
- Preeclampsia: High blood pressure with organ damage, often affecting the liver or kidneys.
- Existing Hypertension: High blood pressure present before pregnancy.
Why Monitoring High Blood Pressure During Pregnancy is Essential
Approximately 5–10% of pregnant women experience hypertensive disorders, with cases increasing by 25% over the past two decades. Dr. Taxak emphasizes the importance of discussing blood pressure with healthcare providers throughout pregnancy to ensure the safety of both mother and infant.
Potential Complications of Uncontrolled Hypertension
For mothers, severe hypertension can lead to complications like stroke, heart failure, or organ damage during pregnancy and childbirth. Post-childbirth, women with hypertension are at an increased risk of developing heart disease or suffering a stroke later in life. Infants may face restricted blood flow to the placenta, leading to inhibited growth, preterm birth, or low birth weight. In worst-case scenarios, these complications can be life-threatening, highlighting the importance of early detection and treatment.
Identifying At-Risk Individuals
Recognizing those at higher risk of developing high blood pressure during pregnancy is crucial. Dr. Taxak identifies the following risk factors:
- First-time mothers
- Women aged 35 or older
- Mothers carrying twins or triplets
- Those with medical conditions such as diabetes, kidney disease, or obesity
- A personal or family history of hypertension or preeclampsia
Warning Signs of Hypertension During Pregnancy
Certain symptoms should not be dismissed as typical pregnancy discomforts:
- Persistent headaches
- Blurred vision or sensitivity to light
- Sudden weight gain and swelling
- Shortness of breath or chest palpitations
- Abdominal pain or nausea in late pregnancy
Protecting Cardiovascular Health During and After Pregnancy
Regular monitoring of blood pressure should be standard practice at every prenatal visit and continued vigilance is necessary post-delivery. To manage blood pressure and protect cardiovascular health, Dr. Taxak recommends:
- Maintaining a balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains
- Limiting salt intake
- Engaging in light, pregnancy-safe exercises
- Managing stress and ensuring adequate rest
Through these measures, expecting mothers can help secure the health of both themselves and their babies.
