Madagascar Power Shift Elite Military Unit Claims Control
On Tuesday, an elite military unit in Madagascar declared control over the government following the impeachment of President Andry Rajoelina by the parliament. This decision came after weeks of intense protests against Rajoelina’s administration.
Rajoelina, who had sought refuge in hiding, faced increasing pressure from demonstrators demanding his resignation. On Saturday, the influential Capsat unit, which comprises members of the military and police, announced it would not fire on protesters, swaying the movement in favor of political change.
Impeachment and Military Takeover
Following the parliamentary vote to impeach Rajoelina for dereliction of duty, the military promptly moved to establish a council composed of army officers and police. Colonel Michael Randrianirina, leader of Capsat, publicly announced that they had taken control and were working towards forming a civilian government.
- Impeachment date: Tuesday
- Former president Rajoelina’s last public appearance: A Facebook Live video on Monday
- Protests began: September 25
- Notable military presence: Capsat unit
Political Context
This military coup represents a significant shift in Madagascar’s political landscape. Rajoelina, a former disc jockey, previously rose to power through military backing in 2009 following widespread protests. His political career has been marred by accusations of corruption and electoral manipulation.
The World Bank reports that Madagascar is among the poorest nations, with a GDP per capita of only $545. Corruption remains pervasive, as highlighted by its ranking of 140 out of 180 countries in Transparency International’s 2024 corruption perceptions index.
Response to Protests
The protests were initially coordinated by Gen Z Madagascar, a collective of young activists utilizing social media platforms to organize and communicate. Demonstrators sought to address issues such as inadequate access to basic services like water and electricity, which fueled their demands for reform.
- Protester fatalities: 22 reported in early days
- Corruption index ranking: 140 out of 180
Military Leadership and Future Plans
On Sunday, a leadership change within the military was formalized, with Gen Demosthene Pikulas taking command. He stated the army’s role is to restore peace and stability within Madagascar. The shift in military loyalty marks a crucial step in the ongoing power struggle.
While the reaction to Rajoelina’s ousting varies among citizens, many express cautious optimism. Activists continue to rally support, emphasizing the need to remain vigilant regarding the military’s intentions moving forward. The situation remains fluid, with calls for transparency and accountability in the new governance structure.
This power shift in Madagascar highlights the complexities of political change in a nation grappling with deep-seated economic and social issues. As the nation moves forward, the priority will be establishing a stable and effective civilian government that addresses the aspirations of its citizens.
