Kīlauea’s Lava Overflows Trigger Eruptive Episode 36
The ongoing volcanic activity at Kīlauea, located in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, signifies a potential new eruptive phase. Recently, frequent lava overflows have been reported from the north vent in the summit caldera, suggesting that the onset of Eruptive Episode 36 is imminent.
Kīlauea’s Eruptive Episode 36 on the Horizon
The United States Geological Survey (USGS) Hawaiian Volcano Observatory has been closely monitoring the situation. Over the past day, summit inflation showed minor activity with approximately 0.9 microradian of inflationary tilt recorded. Since the conclusion of Episode 35, a total of 24.2 microradians of inflationary tilt has been documented.
Signs of Eruption
According to the USGS, tremor patterns indicate ongoing volcanic activity. Continuous tremor, combined with intermittent bursts of stronger signals, were observed overnight. However, the tremor is not displaying the typical relationship with lava overflows.
Projected Dates for Eruptive Episode 36
- Models suggest that Episode 36 may begin between November 4 and November 8.
- The most likely dates for the eruption are November 5 to November 7.
- Lava overflows indicate that the new episode could start within the next 1-3 days.
As of the latest updates, the inflation rate has increased to about 0.9 microradians per day, compared to 0.5 microradians per day noted previously. Persistent vent glow and lava overflows further reinforce the likelihood of an explosive eruption soon.
Historical Context of Kīlauea’s Eruptions
This episode follows a pattern observed in previous eruptions, including those seen between 1983 and 1986 at the Puʻuʻōʻō site. Lava fountains and flows have emerged from two main vents within Halemaʻumaʻu crater: the north vent and the south vent. Historical eruptions characterized by episodic lava fountaining typically varied in duration, lasting from a few hours to over a week.
Monitoring and Safety Measures
The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory continues to monitor Kīlauea closely. They are collaborating with Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park and the Hawai‘i County Civil Defense Agency to ensure safety and effectively manage any eruptive hazards.
