Winter Astronomy Highlights: Meteor Showers, Massive Moons, and More

The winter season offers unique astronomical events for skywatchers to appreciate. From meteor showers to planetary visibility, this season is packed with opportunities to explore the night sky.

Winter Astronomy Highlights: Meteor Showers, Massive Moons, and More

Cold Moon at Perigee

On December 4, 2023, a full moon, known as the “Cold Moon,” will occur. This full moon is notable because it will be near perigee, the point in its orbit where it is closest to Earth. This proximity enhanced the moon’s brightness and size, although it is debated whether this phenomenon qualifies as a “supermoon.”

Geminids Meteor Shower

One of the year’s highlights is the Geminids meteor shower, which peaks on the nights of December 13 and 14. This meteor shower is highly regarded for its reliability and beauty. Conditions are ideal this winter, as the moon will not rise until around 2 a.m., providing dark skies for optimal viewing.

• Peak Viewing Dates: December 13-14, 2023
• Best Viewing Time: Midnight to 2 a.m.
• Meteor Source: Fragments from the asteroid 3200 Phaeton

Winter Solstice

The winter solstice occurs on December 21, marking the shortest day and longest night of the year in the Northern Hemisphere. This astronomical event is significant as it signals the gradual return of longer daylight hours. Astronomers believe this change is due to Earth’s axial tilt, which was affected by a historical collision with the miniature planet Theia billions of years ago.

Earth at Perihelion

On January 3, 2024, Earth will reach perihelion, its closest point to the sun, around 9:15 a.m. PST. At this time, the sun will appear slightly larger, and Earth will receive approximately 7% more solar energy compared to when it is at its furthest distance from the sun.

Jupiter at Opposition

Throughout January 2024, Jupiter will reach opposition, a position directly opposite the sun in the sky. As the sun sets, this gas giant will rise, making it easily visible all night. This brightness, coupled with the visibility of its moons through a small telescope, makes January a prime month for observing Jupiter.

• Best Time to View: Throughout January 2024
• Observing Tips: Use a small telescope to spot Jupiter’s moons

This winter promises exciting celestial displays for stargazers. Whether observing meteor showers or planets, the night sky offers something remarkable to everyone.