Discover Mpox Symptoms: From Fever to Painful Rash and Blisters Explained
A new strain of mpox has emerged in England, as reported by the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA). This strain was detected in an individual who had recently traveled from Asia. The finding demonstrates the ongoing global evolution and circulation of the monkeypox virus.
Understanding Mpox
Mpox, caused by the monkeypox virus, was first observed in laboratory monkeys during the late 1950s. The first human case was recorded in 1970, according to Dr. Jon Roberts, a Health Protection professor at the University of the West of England. The virus is zoonotic, meaning it can jump between animals and humans, although human cases remain rare.
Transmission of Mpox
Mpox spreads primarily through direct physical contact with an infected person. Dr. Kathryn Basford from ASDA Online Doctor explains that transmission can occur via skin-to-skin contact with rashes or blisters. It can also happen through contact with contaminated clothing, bedding, or towels. Additionally, respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing pose a transmission risk.
Mpox is classified into two clades. Clade I is linked to more severe cases and is considered a high consequence infectious disease (HCID) in the UK. Clade II, associated with a global outbreak between 2022 and 2023, presents milder symptoms and is no longer designated as an HCID.
Symptoms of Mpox
Symptoms typically appear between five to 21 days post-infection. Initial signs include:
- Fever
- Headache
- Muscle aches
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Fatigue
Following these symptoms, a rash usually develops, starting on the face and spreading to other body areas. The rash evolves from flat lesions to raised bumps, then to fluid-filled blisters, and eventually forms scabs that fall off. The illness duration ranges from two to four weeks, with most cases being mild, although severe instances can occur.
It is crucial to consult healthcare professionals, as mpox symptoms can be mistaken for chickenpox.
At-Risk Populations
Certain groups are more vulnerable to mpox, including:
- Close contacts of infected individuals, such as household members and sexual partners
- Healthcare workers
- Men who have sex with men
- People with weakened immune systems
- Travelers to regions in Africa with ongoing outbreaks
Treatment Options
While treatments aim to alleviate symptoms, severe cases from Clade I may require care in specialized hospitals. For Clade II, symptoms are often self-limiting. Vaccination may be recommended for individuals based on public health assessments, particularly during outbreak controls.
Risk Assessment in the UK
According to Dr. Roberts, the risk of mpox to the general public in the UK remains low. Individuals returning from affected areas should monitor their health and inform a healthcare professional if symptoms arise or if they have been in contact with suspected cases.
Traveling Safely
When traveling to countries experiencing mpox cases, it is essential to follow public health guidelines. Resources and recommendations can be found on the NaTHNac website. Healthcare workers heading to these regions should enroll in the UKHSA returning workers scheme.
